13th Moon Underground Literary Magazine

13th Moon was an important feminist literary and arts journal that started in the 1970s. It was created to offer women a platform in literature, poetry, and visual arts during a time when mainstream publishing often overlooked their voices. Beverly Dahlen founded the journal as a significant platform for feminist writers and artists. In addition to publishing poetry, essays, and fiction, 13th Moon distinguished itself with its unique and experimental approach to graphic design, establishing itself as a bold presence in feminist literature and underground design.

Unlike traditional publications, 13th Moon rejected the polished, commercial style of most magazines. Instead, it embraced a do-it-yourself (DIY) aesthetic reminiscent of feminist zines and alternative presses from that era (figure 1). The journal utilized unconventional typography, hand-drawn elements, and striking, sometimes raw imagery to convey the energy and urgency of the feminist movement (figure 2). This design approach was not merely about style—it was a statement. By stepping away from traditional, male-dominated design standards, 13th Moon demonstrated its commitment to feminist activism and artistic freedom.

The publication’s independence was also evident in its production and distribution. Like many feminist and radical publications of the 1970s, it did not rely on mainstream publishers. Instead, it reached its audience through feminist bookstores, grassroots networks, and word-of-mouth. This allowed 13th Moon to stay true to its message without worrying about commercial success. Its bold and unpolished design reflected the reality of underground feminist print culture, where professional printing resources were limited and creativity was essential.

The design of 13th Moon was not just a creative choice but a form of activism. By using a raw and personal visual style, the journal aligned itself with broader feminist and DIY publishing movements that challenged traditional literary and artistic structures. It demonstrated that independent publishing could be a powerful tool for social change and that design could be as impactful as the words it framed. While the exact year of its final issue is unclear, the journal remained active for several decades, making it one of the longest-running feminist literary magazines of its time.